The nature of language and grammar
What language is, Hockett's design features, the levels of linguistic structure, the four senses of grammar and the main schools of grammar.
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Open lesson →General & Shared Subjects · Structure of English
Structure of English
How English works, from sounds to sentences: the nature of language and grammar, the sound system and its suprasegmentals, morphology and word formation, word classes, phrase structure, tense, aspect and mood, and verb types.
8 topics · 8 lessons · 8 practice sets · 8 quizzes
The sound system of English and its suprasegmentals
Phonemes and allophones, the description of consonants and vowels, the syllable, and the suprasegmentals: stress, rhythm, intonation and juncture.
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Open lesson →Morphology: the structure of words
Morphemes, free and bound; roots, bases and affixes; the eight inflections of English and derivation; allomorphs, irregular forms and layered word structure.
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Open lesson →Word formation: how English makes new words
Derivation, compounding, blending, clipping, acronyms and initialisms, back-formation, conversion, coinage, borrowing, calques, eponyms and reduplication, with examples from Philippine English.
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Open lesson →Word classes: form-class and structure words
Form-class words (noun, verb, adjective, adverb) and structure words (determiners, auxiliaries, prepositions, conjunctions, pronouns, qualifiers, particles), the inflectional, derivational and positional tests, and words that change class.
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Open lesson →Phrase structure: heads, modifiers and complements
Noun, verb, adjective, adverb and prepositional phrases, the head that names each one, determiners, modifiers and complements, constituency tests, phrase structure rules and tree diagrams, and structural ambiguity.
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Open lesson →Tenses of the verb: tense, aspect and mood
Principal parts and irregular verbs, the twelve tenses built from time and aspect, the present perfect and simple past, stative verbs, time signals, reported speech and conditionals, modals, the subjunctive, and common errors of Filipino learners.
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Open lesson →Verb types: intransitive, transitive and linking
Intransitive, transitive and linking verbs, direct and indirect objects, ditransitive and complex-transitive verbs, subject and object complements, the seem test, verbs that change type, phrasal and prepositional verbs, and common errors.
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